Institutional Dynamics of Waste Generation and Sustainability Policy in a State University

Abstract

Waste generation in higher education institutions (HEIs) reflects their academic, administrative, and operational dynamics. This study examined waste generation trends, classification practices, and institutional responses at Bukidnon State University (BukSU) from 2022 to 2024 to inform policy and management decisions. Using a quantitative descriptive research design, monthly waste records were examined across four categories: biodegradable, non-biodegradable, recyclable, and hazardous. Results showed a marked increase from 60,328 kg in 2022 to 113,062 kg in 2023, followed by a decline in 2024, which may indicate the initial impact of BukSU sustainability interventions. While biodegradable waste rose sharply, improvements were noted in recyclable and hazardous waste tracking. Document analysis revealed data inconsistencies, weak enforcement mechanisms, and limited integration of waste management into institutional planning. The study highlights the need for BukSU to strengthen policy implementation, institutionalize data-driven monitoring, and integrate waste management into its broader sustainability agenda.