Hydrologic Model for Flooding in Manupali Watershed and Its Implications to Land-Use Policies
Abstract
Flooding has become a recurring event in the Province of Bukidnon, causing severe destruction to houses, buildings, infrastructure, and livelihood. Since the province is not exempted in flooding events as an impact of typhoons, understanding the watershed hydrologic behavior is essential for vulnerability and risk assessment as to disaster preparedness and risk reduction. The study aims to analyze the hydrologic response of Manupali watershed through flood hazard maps, hydrologic, and hydraulic models. This paper presents the combination of geographic information system, high -resolution digital elevation model (DEM), land cover, observed hydro-meteorological data, and the combined hydrologic engineering center-hydrologic modeling system and river analysis system models. The hydrologic model assesses the relationship between rainfall and discharge of the watershed and the hydraulic model computes the flood depth and flow pattern in the floodplain. Upon calibration, the over-all performance of the hydrologic model was rated very good in its performance based on the standards set by Moriasi et al. (2015) with index values of 0.89, 0.75, 0.46. The calibrated hydrographs were used to produce flood hazard maps in 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100-year return periods, and assessed the number of flooded buildings in each flood hazard level per return period. The flood hazard maps may contribute to science-based land-use policy formulation, land-use zoning, planning, and management to mitigate extreme rainfall-induced flood risks in the affected barangays in the Manupali watershed.
Keywords:
Hydrologic Model, Flooding, Land-use Policies, Manupali Watershed
References
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Puno, G.R., Amper, R.A.L., & Talisay, B.A.M. (2018). Flood simulation using geospatial and hydrologic models in Manupali Watershed, Bukidnon, Philippines. J.Bio. &Env.Sci. 12 (1), 294-303.
Puno, G.R., Villar, R.G., Toledo-Bruno, A.G., &Corpuz, O. (2015).GIS-based mapping and morphometric analysis of flood prone sites in the three watersheds of Bukidnon. IJBAF, 3 (7).121-129.
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Schumann, G., Bates, P.D., Apel, H. & Aronica, G.T. (2018). Global flood hazard mapping, modeling, and forecasting: Challenges and perspective
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Talisay, B. A.M., Puno, G.R., & Amper, R.A.L. (2019). Flood hazard mapping in an urban area using combined hydrologic-hydraulic models and geospatial technologies.Global J. Environ.Sci.Manage, 5 (2): 139-154.
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Canoy, M.E.L.S. & Suminguit, V.J. (2001). Case study: The indigenous peoples of Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park. Social Watch-Philippines Report. https://www. socialwatch.org/sites/default/files/pdf/en/ articlef2001_phi.pdf
Cinco, T. A., de Guzman, R. G., Ortiz, A. M. D., Delfino, R. J. P., Lasco, R. D., Hilario, F. D., & Ares, E. D. (2016). Observed trends and impacts of tropical cyclones in the Philippines. International Journal of Climatology, 36(14), 4638–4650. https:// doi.org/10.1002/joc.4659
Comprehensive Land-Use Plan of Valencia City (2011-2020).
Comprehensive Land-Use Plan of Malaybalay City (2016-2025).
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). (2014). Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2013: The Numbers and Trends. Brussels. http:file:///C:/Users/maan/ Downloads/ADSR_2014.pdf
DENR & B+WISER.(2015). Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park.
https://forestry.denr. gov.ph/b+wiser/index.php/sites/mount kitanglad-range-natural-park
DENR-FMB & Asian Development Bank. (2018). Indigenous peoples plan, PHI: Integrated natural resources and environmental management project (INREMP). Community management plan for Portul in Talaandig Tribal Association (PTTA), Inc. in Barangay Portulin, Pangantucan, Bukidnon Philippines. https:// www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project documents/41220/41220-013-ipp-en_2.pdf
DOST-PAG-ASA.(2019a). Retrieved from http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/ information/about-tropical-cyclone.
DOST-PAG-ASA.(2019b). Retrieved from http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/climate/ tropical-cyclone-information
Egnar, C., Duque-Piñon, C., Mendoza, E., Lasco, R., & Evangelista, K. (2017).Developing an equitable rewards scheme for water storage and livelihood improvement in the Manupali watershed, southern Philippines. In Namirembe S, Leimona B, van Noordwijk M, Minang P, (Eds). Co investment in ecosystem services: Global lessons from payment and incentive schemes. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF).
Golmohammadi, G., Prasher, S., Madani, A., &Rudra, R. (2014). Evaluating three hydrological distributed watershed models: MIKE-SHE, APEX, SWAT. Hydrology, 1 (1), 20-39. https://doi.org/10.3390/ hydrology1010020.
Gupta, H. V., Sorooshian, S., & Yapo, P. O., (1999). Status of automatic calibration for hydrologic models: Comparison with multilevel expert calibration. J. Hydrologic Eng. 4(2), 135-143.
Lagsa, B. (2017). Floods hit Lanao del Sur, Bukidnon; Cagayan de Oro still on alert. Rappler.com.
Paringit E.C, Balicanta L.P., Ang, M.O., Sarmiento, C. (2017). Flood mapping of rivers in the Philippines using airborne Lidar: Methods. Quezon City, Philippines: UP Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry.
Lantican, M.A., Guerra, L.C. & Bhuiyan, S.I. (2003). Impacts of soil erosion in the upper Manupali watershed on irrigated lowlands in the Philippines. Paddy Water Environ,1, 19-26. DOI 10.1007/s10333-002-0004-x
Lindsay, J.B., & Dhun, K. (2015). Modelling surface drainage patterns in altered landscapes using LiDAR. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 29(3), 397-411.
Mines and Geosciences Bureau 10. (n.d.) List of identified flood-prone and /or affected areas and landslide prone areas of region 10. http://www.mgb10.com/geohazard/ geobulletin/flood%20and%20landslide. html .
Moriasi, D.N., Arnold, J.G., Van Liew, M.W., Bingner, R.L., Harmel, R.D., & Veith, T.L., (2007). Model evaluation guidelines for systematic quantification of accuracy in watershed simulations. Trans. ASABE, 50(3), 885–900.
Moriasi, D.N., Gitau, M.W., Pai, N. & Daggupati, N., (2015). Hydrologic and water quality models: Performance measures and evaluation criteria. Am. Soc. Agric. Biol. Eng., 58(6): 1763-1785.
Mueller-Wilm, U., (2017). Sen2cor configuration and user manual v2.4. European Space Agency
Nash, J.E., & Sutcliffe, J.V., (1970). River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I—A discussion of principles. J. Hydrol., 10, 282–290.
NDRRMC. (2012). Ndrrmc update sitrep No.38 re effects of typhoon “Pablo” (Bopha). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. Technical Report, 1-54.
Ogania, J.L., Puno, G.R., Alivio, M., B.T. & Taylaran, J.M.G. (2019). Effect of digital elevation model’s resolution in producing f lood hazard maps. Global J. Environ.Sci. Manage, 5 (1): 95-106.
Paringit, E.C. & Puno, G.R. (Eds).(2017), LiDAR surveys and flood mapping of Manupali River, flood hazard mapping of the Philippines using LIDAR. University of the Philippines Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry.
Pradhan, N.R., Byrd, A., Jourdan, M., & Ellis, J., (2016). Development of predictive relationships for flood hazard assessments in ungagged basins.
Province of Bukidnon Brief Information. (2014). Bukidnon brief information. http:// www.bukidnon.gov.ph/home/index.php/ about-bukidnon/ about-bukidnon
Puno, G. R., Puno, R. C., & Maghuyop, I. V. (2020). Two-dimensional flood model for risk exposure analysis of land use/land cover in a watershed. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 225-238.
Puno, G.R., Amper, R.A.L., & Talisay, B.A.M. (2018). Flood simulation using geospatial and hydrologic models in Manupali Watershed, Bukidnon, Philippines. J.Bio. &Env.Sci. 12 (1), 294-303.
Puno, G.R., Villar, R.G., Toledo-Bruno, A.G., &Corpuz, O. (2015).GIS-based mapping and morphometric analysis of flood prone sites in the three watersheds of Bukidnon. IJBAF, 3 (7).121-129.
Rola, A. C., Suminguit, V. J., & Sumbalan, A. T. (2004). Realities of the watershed management approach: The Manupali watershed experience (No. 2004-23). PIDS Discussion Paper Series.
Rola, A. C., Suminguit, V. J., & Sumbalan, A. T. (2004). Realities of the watershed management approach: The Manupali watershed experience (No. 2004-23). PIDS Discussion Paper Series.
Schumann, G., Bates, P.D., Apel, H. & Aronica, G.T. (2018). Global flood hazard mapping, modeling, and forecasting: Challenges and perspective
Singh, J., Knapp, H.V. & Demissie, M. (2004). Hydrologic modeling of the Iroquois River watershed Using HSPF and SWAT. Illinois State Water Survey Contract Report 2004 08. Champaign, IL, USA, 2004. https:// swat.tamu.edu/media/90101/singh.pdf
Talisay, B. A.M., Puno, G.R., & Amper, R.A.L. (2019). Flood hazard mapping in an urban area using combined hydrologic-hydraulic models and geospatial technologies.Global J. Environ.Sci.Manage, 5 (2): 139-154.
UNOCHA. (2017). Philippines: Destructive tropical cyclones from 2006 to 2016. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 1.
UPLB. (2017). Climate-responsive integrated master plan for Mindanao river basin. Executive summary. College of forestry and natural resources. Department of Environment and Natural Resources river basin control office. University of the Philippines– Los Baños.
USACE-HEC. (2010). Hydrologic modelling system HEC-HMS user’s manual version 3.5, Hydrologic Engineering Center.United States Corps of Engineers.
USACE. (2015). HEC-RAS river analysis system hydraulic reference manual. Institute for Water Resources Hydrologic Engineering Center.
USACE. (2016).HEC-RAS river analysis system. 2d modelling user’s manual version 5.0. United States Army Corps of Engineers Institute for Water Resources Hydrologic Engineering Centre (HEC).
Published
2021-01-08
Section
Articles
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Copyright holder is the Bukidnon State University.